Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs)
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are integrated circuits designed to be configured by the customer or designer after manufacturing, hence the term "field-programmable." They consist of an array of programmable logic blocks and a hierarchy of reconfigurable interconnects that allow the blocks to be wired together, similar to a one-chip programmable breadboard. Logic blocks can be configured to perform complex combinational functions or simple logic gates like AND and XOR. In addition to logic gates, FPGAs can include memory elements such as flip-flops or more complete blocks of memory. This flexibility allows FPGAs to be used in a wide range of applications, from simple logic implementations to complex digital signal processing tasks.